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Piaget subdivided cognitive development into four stages; sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operation, and formal operation. During the sensorimotor stage, from the birth to age of 2, I will allow the baby to touch, suck, and chew safe objects to get used to them. Throughout these activities, he can experiment with his surroundings, and develop his motor skills.
When a baby reaches the preoperational stage, which is 2 to 7 years of age, I’ll let them express the egocentrism in the beginning. It is a natural thing for a baby at this period. However, as they grow older, around 5 to 6 years old, I’ll teach them to leave the egocentrism and understand the view of other people. Also, children of this period used to fail conservation. It would be good if I could teach them about volume of liquids, using two different containers and pouring liquid from one to another. From this, he would learn the rule of conservation and reversibility. For a child in the concrete operational stage, which is 7 to 11 years of age, he will start having mental operations, such as logical, mathematical, and spatial problems. During this stage, I’ll focus on teaching them simple algebra and geometric problems. These problems could help them to improve logical, mathematical, spatial thought.The final stage is formal operational stage, which begins at about 11, he will now be able to think hypothetically and abstractly. I’ll provide many questions about “What if” and lead a child to bring out his own hypothesis. If he can’t get proper reasoning, I would teach him the basic background concept of the question, and train his operating ability related with hypothesis.